A good way to figure out the relationship in a given question is to make up a sentence that describes the relationship between the first two words. Then, try to use the same sentence to find out which of the answer choices completes the same relationship with the third word.
1. Odometer is to mileage as compass is to
A. speed
B. hiking
C. needle
D. direction
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
An odometer is an instrument used to measure mileage. A compass is an instrument used to determine direction.
2. Marathon is to race as hibernation is to
A. winter
B. bear
C. dream
D. sleep
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A marathon is a long race and hibernation is a lengthy period of sleep. The answer is not choice a or b because even though a bear and winter are related to hibernation, neither completes the analogy. (Choice c) is incorrect because sleep and dream are not synonymous.
3. Window is to pane as book is to
A. novel
B. glass
C. cover
D. page
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A window is made up of panes, and a book is made up of pages. The answer is not (choice a) because a novel is a type of book. The answer is not (choice b) because glass has no relationship to a book. (Choice c) is incorrect because a cover is only one part of a book; a book is not made up of covers.
4. Cup is to coffee as bowl is to
A. dish
B. soup
C. spoon
D. food
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Coffee goes into a cup and soup goes into a bowl. Choices a and c are incorrect because they are other utensils. The answer is not choice d because the word food is too general.
5. Yard is to inch as quart is to
A. gallon
B. ounce
C. milk
D. liquid
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
A yard is a larger measure than an inch (a yard contains 36 inches). A quart is a larger measure than an ounce (a quart contains 32 ounces). Gallon (choice a) is incorrect because it is larger than a quart. Choices c and d are incorrect because they are not units of measurement.
6. Elated is to despondent as enlightened is to
A. aware
B. ignorant
C. miserable
D. tolerant
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Elated is the opposite of despondent; enlightened is the opposite of ignorant.
7. Optimist is to cheerful as pessimist is to
A. gloomy
B. mean
C. petty
D. helpful
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
An optimist is a person whose outlook is cheerful. A pessimist is a person whose outlook is gloomy. The answer is not (choice b) because a pessimist does not have to be mean. (Choices c) and d are incorrect because neither adjective describes the outlook of a pessimist.
8. Reptile is to lizard as flower is to
A. petal
B. stem
C. daisy
D. alligator
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A lizard is a type of reptile; a daisy is a type of flower. Choices a and b are incorrect because a petal and a stem are parts of a flower, not types of flowers. (Choice d) is incorrect because an alligator is another type of reptile, not a type of flower.
9. Play is to actor as concert is to
A. symphony
B. musician
C. piano
D. percussion
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
An actor performs in a play. A musician performs at a concert. Choices a, c, and d are incorrect because none is people who perform.
10. Sponge is to porous as rubber is to
A. massive
B. solid
C. elastic
D. inflexible
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A sponge is a porous material. Rubber is an elastic material. (Choice a) is incorrect because rubber would not generally be referred to as massive. The answer is not (choice b) because even though rubber is a solid, its most noticeable characteristic is its elasticity. Choice d is incorrect because rubber has flexibility.
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